![]() In addition to all the technology, behind this innovation is an incredible team of experts in American Sign Language. ![]() They can repeat translations, adjust Hugo’s speed, rate and save their favorite translations, generate GIF messages to share with their friends, and access Hugo’s store, where it’s possible to change the avatar’s clothes and design. Users can customize their experience with different functionalities. The app is free and available for smartphones and tablets in Android ( Play Store) and iOS ( App Store). ![]() All of this is done with the help of Hugo, an AI-powered, charismatic 3D avatar. Users can also review different signs or even learn their first signs via the app. The Hand Talk app is a pocket translator that automatically translates oral languages both in text and audio to sign languages, such as English to ASL or Portuguese to Libras (Brazilian Sign Language). The app has the purpose of making it easier than ever before to bridge the gap between the hearing and the Deaf community. Hand Talk, a digital accessibility startup and one of the winners of the Google AI Impact Challenge of 2019, is pleased to announce that its award-winning free app, known worldwide for translating Portuguese into Brazilian Sign Language, now also translates from English to American Sign Language (ASL). Key words: Deaf Interpreters, Communication Accommodation Theory, Audience Design, Omissions, Back-channelling, Pragmatic Other.The Sign Language app aims to provide greater accessibility and inclusion to millions of deaf people around the world. Further factors influencing the DIs’ interpretations are discussed. The importance of back-channelling and eye contact is identified. The use of preparation materials (Assignment 1) is investigated and proves to be influential on the DIs’ interpretations. In this study, however, there were no instances of CAOs (Conscious Attention Omissions)- a finding contrary to Kauling’s (2015) research. In the case of CSOs (Conscious Strategic Omissions), the findings of this study concur with those studies. Findings on Strategic Omissions are compared with those in studies by Napier (2001, 2004) and Kauling (2015). Findings from Assignment 2 provide insight into the relationship between the DI and the Pragmatic Other, whilst findings from Assignment 3 reveal the uses of eye contact between the DI and their audience. Utilising ELAN software, back-channelling from audience members and its effect on the DI’s interpretation is investigated. The findings reveal differences between the two tasks in both the interpreting style used and number of omissions featured. The DIs were asked to perform two interpreting tasks (Assignments 2 and 3) one task without an audience (Assignment 2) and one task with (Assignment 3). The study extracts data from retrospective and task review interviews with two DIs, both experienced in broadcast television news. ![]() Definitions of the DI’s role are investigated, and Communication Accommodation Theory (CAT) is discussed, alongside Audience Design, and back-channelling cues. Literature is surveyed on the theory and practice of interpreting by and for Deaf people, with a preference for European sources in the latter. This thesis explores one aspect of the emerging profession of Deaf Interpreters (DIs), specifically how the target text accommodates an audience’s communication style, whilst allowing the audience to conceptualise information. The findings provide insights into the processes of the Deaf translators, which may be helpful to both Deaf and hearing individuals when rendering interpretations and translations. The Deaf translators discussed the challenges in creating the translation, including how to meet the needs of a national, but unknown, Deaf audience the lack of standard ASL correspondents for English lexical items incorporating cultural and sociolinguistic norms of ASL and conveying semantic intent and register. Findings revealed a lack of standard translations for the phrase among the participants, but with some overlap in lexical terms. Five Deaf ASL-English bilinguals who are ASL teachers or interpreters/translators were asked to translate the opening paragraph of the address and were interviewed about the processes they used to render their translations. We conducted a microanalysis of translations of the opening line – ‘my fellow citizens’ – to investigate the product and processes employed by Deaf translators. This study examined perspectives of Deaf bilinguals on translating President Obama’s 2009 inaugural address into American Sign Language. Translating from English into American Sign Language holds a number of challenges, particularly when the English source text is a formal, high profile, scripted speech.
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